Tag Archives: Gold

Part 3: Research Process: Pretium Resources

valley-of-kings

Part 1: http://wp.me/p2OaYY-22A

Part 2: http://wp.me/p2OaYY-22T

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Pretium Resources (PVG)

We will take a look at a junior miner, Pretium Resources (PVG). I know most are not interested in mining, especially a junior resource company, but this example will illustrate a point of what do you need to know. What is important? See a review of the company here: http://www.pretivm.com/investors/presentations/default.aspx

Pretium Resources (PVG) is an explorer/developer with a big deposit (7 million ozs. of gold (Au) in Western Canada.

PVG

WHY INVEST (from company web-site)

High-grade gold, located in Canada

Pretivm is aggressively advancing the development opportunity at Brucejack, its advanced-stage, high-grade gold exploration project in northern British Columbia.  Probable mineral reserves in Brucejack’s Valley of the Kings comprise 6.6 million ounces of gold (15.1 million tonnes grading 13.6 g/t gold).  The Valley of the Kings remains open to the east and west along strike and at depth.

A feasibility study for a 2,700 tonnes per day underground mine at Brucejack was completed in June.  The mine is expected to produce an average of 426,000 ounces of gold annually for the first ten years and an average of 321,500 ounces of gold annually over a 22-year mine life.  Engineering and permitting activities for the Brucejack Project continue to advance.

A 10,000-tonne bulk sample is currently underway at the Valley of the Kings, including a 15,000-meter underground drill program.

Pretium has a 35 million ozs. Snowfield deposit, and now a Feasibility Study at its smaller and nearby Brucejack project. Here the Valley of Kings and West zones show a total of 7.3 ozs of Proven and Probable Reserves and the potential of being built even at sub-$1300 gold prices.

The Study’s results (see figures below) were released June 11, and Mr. Market was not impressed—closing at $7.94 on June 14, 2013.

PVG June 11

 

Valley of Kings Feasibility Alternative Base Case
Price Gold (AU)/Silver (AG) $800/$15 $1,350/$20
Produ/Yr. 1st 10 465K Au 300K Ag
Life of Mine 322K Au 300G ag
NPV pre-tax $1.41 bil $5.28 bil.
IRR 16.6% 42.9%
Payback pre-tax 4.7 yrs 2.1 yrs.

The deposit’s economics seem good with $664 mil. Capex for a mine and 2,700 tones per day mill on site producing 426 K ozs. of gold per year for first ten years and 322K over the life of the mine (LOM). Net of 300K ozs. per year of silver credits (deduct the price of silver co-produced from cost of producing gold), LOM cash cost is seen at $458 per oz and $508 per oz All-in sustaining costs.

Ok, if you studied this sector by reading all the annual reports of the majors (AEM, GG, ABX, AUY, etc) and periodicals on mining you would have sense of the quality of the deposit and grade. This seems like a good deposit with its large size, low cash costs, and high-grade per ton milled. So why a poor response by the stock market?  What am I (You) missing here?   The key is to know WHAT questions to ask.   Study of an industry and the companies within that industry will lead you to develop a context to frame questions.

Let’s step back a minute and use common sense. A company/asset/deposit is worth all of its future cash flow discounted back to the present value. But here the company is not yet producing gold so it has no cash flows only the cash drain of development; it has a huge deposit with (on the surface) great economics.  This big deposit has to be developed and produced so our focus has to be on the cost of that capex along with all other costs to bring the deposit into production.  In other words, what is the cost to bring that deposit into production discounted back to today?

What don’t we know? What are we missing? What do we need to know to analyze such a company?

You would need to know how to place the company’s drilling results into context.  The deposit’s first problem is the ore’s nature. It is “nuggety” with the ounces distributed unevenly. Drilling only sees a 2 inch to 4 inch sample width every 10’ to 25’. Mines have been built and failed because the grade between the frill holes was much lower than the grade estimated from the drill samples..

From the Feb-12’s Preliminary Economic Analysis: “V of K exhibits extremely skewed grade… where high grades and the majority of the metal are located in less than 5% of the data. So the feasibility Study could have been done on drill data that isn’t representative of the whole deposit. To add more information, PVG is now taking a 10,000 tonne bulk sample with results due by end-13 to increase confidence in the drill results. (Mr. Market is probably smart to wait/be skeptical)

Second is permitting. Go to Google Earth and view the area from the sky or view some of the pictures in the presentation (link above), the deposit is in or near a glacier which will pose construction challenges and environmental disposal difficulties.   Finally, what will be the true financing cost for the near $700 million capex? Do shares have to be sold at a sub $8 or $7 price? How much dilution will an investor suffer?  Perhaps share count would double from 100 to 200 million shares.

The point is that Mr. Market is right to take a “wait and see” attitude. An investor has to take a wholistic view of total costs to get the deposit to market. Most of the analyst reports neglect to mention ALL of the potential costs, the analysts instead focus on the “story” of a huge deposit. For example, from one newsletter:

In the two and a half years since the sale, Pretivm has defined a spectacular high-grade resource. “In 2009 we had 400,000 ounces of gold and 16 million ounces of silver at Brucejack. The Valley of the Kings area at that time just had a half a dozen drill holes. Between 2010 and 2012, we drilled 174,000 meters and now have over 8.5 million ounces at 16.4 grams per tonne gold open at depth and in all directions.”

Pretium CEO

Quartermain with high grade Valley of the Kings core. Photo: Wayne Leidenfrost

In this day and age, gold projects with the richness and size of Brucejack and the jurisdictional advantage of being in Canada and close to current and former mines like Eskay Creek are rare. Pretivm is in a league of its own among junior companies.

Analysts at BMO seem to agree, commenting that Brucejack is “the right size for the current market environment.” Its underground mine will be finished in 2016; Quartermain says it is projected to cost approximately 600 million dollars and yield over 400,000 ounces of gold per year.

Pretivm clearly beats out the other large-scale gold projects in Canada — almost all of which are low grade, requiring Capex in the multiple billions, which isnt realistic in today’s market environment.

Presently, ten research firms are covering the company with an average target price of greater than $20 per share. Shares in PVG last traded at $6.01.

Perhaps if you believe gold and silver prices will be much higher and you realize the risks in this company like much higher costs than expected, many years unti production–if ever, then you might view PVG as a way-out-of-the-money, long-dated call option on much higher gold and silver prices. You might be willing to lose 50% to 100% of your investment to make 5xs to 10xs your money.  Your analysis is part of your portfolio management/risk analysis.

You could set up a table to test your assumptions based on much higher costs and high gold prices.

For me, I feel the risks/rewards are better elsewhere, so I pass.

Obviously, if you don’t understand all the costs, obstacles and risks to this large deposit, then you will over-value the company or be surprised that the stock languishes where it is today despite the “world-class” deposit.

The quality of the asset is critical but the skill of management to raise capital and develop the project is also important. The CEO has had success before: http://ceo.ca/pvg/.  However, I shy away the problem of estimating what will be the true all-in costs of mining this project.

Perhaps readers have a few examples of their own that they would like to share?

HAVE A GOOD WEEKEND.

RISK!

MUSEUM

Risk is a function of market participants having a perception of lower risks while governments increase their intervention of market prices.–Chicago Slim

One Sign of Increasing Risk: GOFO

The lack of liquidity in the leasing market for gold has pushed the gold forward rates (“GOFO”) into negative territory, meaning that gold for forward delivery is trading at a discount to the physical spot market price–a rare situation that has only occurred a few times in the past twenty years–the last time in Nov. 2008 when a scramble for physical spurred a sharp rally in the dollar price of gold.

This week the GOFO rate did something it has only done a handful of times in its long history–it went negative out to three months which means somebody was willing to pay to have gold instead of dollars right now.

Be careful out there!

An Experienced Businessman, Money Manager and Investor Discusses His Views

Bernanke

Mr. Ned Goodman of Dundee Corporation has over 50 years of investment and business experience. His “Buffett-like” 2012 Annual Report is a great read: Contrarian Business Man Dundee Annual-Report-2012 (Beware of confirmation bias! His views mirror mine, but he is too optimistic).

The following statement came from the CFA Institute not the regular “gold nut”  – “Swap paper for Gold”. In 1971 the US broke the final link between national currencies and gold, which had been around for millennia.  The many years since have provided continuous inflation and a series of larger and larger financial bubbles. The current situation is best described as a “debt binge.”

Why gold? “The price of gold is the reciprocal of the world’s faith in the deeds and words of the likes of Ben Bernanke”.  As the global Central bankers increase their supply of paper currency, we should all be losing faith in their promises and move to the historical form of money that just cannot be created out of thin air or by the push of an electronic button.

Why gold?  According to James Rickard there will soon be a re-linking of gold to money at a significantly higher price; i.e. an across-the-board devaluation of the world’s major currencies which will create the inflation that the central banking policymakers really want. It then allows nations to repay debt at par with  currency that is worth considerably less because it was recently printed. Mr. Bernanke does this every day when he prints new currency to buy old bonds. He is reducing the debt load of the country with devalued currency.

It is important to remember that, “In a currency war nobody wins”; we see a lot of wealth destruction unless we own hard assets that systematically increase as inflation takes place. Gold is the historical favourite.

Mountains of debt will be an insurmountable obstacle to any country’s previously loved higher standards of living. The growing gap between what the government attests to and what it spends will always threaten its financial solvency. And this, today, is a global problem – not only one for the United States.  The pending economic situation is all about debt, deficits, and inflation. Rising and unsustainable debts or deficits will potentially sooner or later lead to potentially catastrophic consequences. At the top of the list has usually been severe inflation in the future.

The whole situation mirrors the late 1960s, during a period that led up to the “Nixon Shock.” Back then, the world was on the Bretton Woods System – an attempt on the part of Western central bankers to pin the dollar to gold at a fixed rate, while still allowing the metal to trade privately as a commodity. This led to a gap between the market price of gold as a commodity and the official price available from the Treasury.

As the true value of gold separated further and further from its official rate, the world began to realize the system was unsustainable, and many suspected the US was not serious about maintaining a strong dollar. West Germany moved first on these fears by redeeming its dollar reserves for gold, followed by France, Switzerland, and others. This eventually culminated in President Nixon “closing the gold window” in 1971 by ending any link between the dollar and gold. This “Nixon Shock” spurred chronic inflation throughout the ’70s and a concurrent rally in gold.

Perhaps the entire international community is thinking back to the ’60s, because Germany isn’t the only country maneuvering away from the dollar today. The Netherlands and Azerbaijan are also discussing repatriating their foreign gold holdings. And every month, we hear about central banks increasing gold reserves. The latest are Russia and Kazakhstan, but in the last year, countries from Brazil to Turkey have been adding to their gold holdings in order to diversify away from fiat currency reserves.

And don’t forget China. Once the biggest purchaser of US bonds, it is now a net seller of Treasuries, while simultaneously gobbling up gold. Some sources even claim that China has unofficially surpassed Germany as the second largest holder of gold in the world.

Unlike the ’60s, today there is no official gold window to close. There will be no reported “shock” indicator of a dollar flight. This demand by Germany may be the closest indicator we’re going to get. Placing blame where it’s due, let’s call it the “Bernanke Shock.”

…..Let me warn my readers if you decide to read through the full length of this report you will continue to

read that I am more bullish on the price of gold than ever and that I am expecting a future global inflationary scene. The warning is that you should know that I am well aware that the price of gold currently is down by more than 15%, the biggest drop since 1980, and according to most “street” players does not look so good for the future. The last six months has been the worst stretch for the gold price since the early 1980s but also from which time the price of gold is still up by over 500%, after twelve years of rising prices.

Clearly the number of obvious fundamentals working for a higher gold price is in decline other than several of my personal favourites.  The mania of fear about global money printing and the continuous purchase of gold by central bankers, especially from China, is very much still intact. The herd of every day investors who got on the band wagon in the bear market of 2007 is probably lightening up as the fear of shorter term gold price is worse than the Armageddon than has been in place. The real gold players are still intact as can be seen in that in this same recent fourth quarter of 2012 central bankers bought 145 tons of gold bullion.

The first quarter of 2013 is not published as yet, but expect to see more buying of gold by central bankers. The purchase of 145 tons in Q4 was only eclipsed by central bank buying in the second quarter of 2012, when they bought 161 tons, the largest sized purchase by central bankers in any previous quarter of a year. The recent fourth quarter purchase of 145 tons is the second largest purchase of central bankers, ever. I ask you to consider that in my view the central bankers of the world are the only people who have full access to inside information and whose job description demands that they use it for their quest to keep the economy, as seen by others, to look very stable.

And today the world does not look very stable.

We have trouble in the Eurozone and of course, today, Cyprus; the US GDP in the fourth quarter of 2012 “grew” at an annualized rate of 0.4% which was deemed positive as most thought that there would be a 0.1% negative figure. This “show” of better numbers than expected of course has a negative effect for the US gold odd lotters who use the GLD ETF. In addition, the Federal Reserve in the US managed to somehow, since the end of 2012, move the value of the US dollar up by 4%. Obviously because gold is priced in those reserve currency dollars that automatically causes the price to go down. However, a 4% increase in the dollar is a move that looks very anomalous as compared to previous dollar valuation.

Fortunately, for Mr. Bernanke his job is made easier by the “currency war” that actually is in place, notwithstanding the many denials. As a result, while some central bankers are major buyers of gold, there is at least one in Washington who needs the gold price to remain quiet, or down, to achieve his country’s needs for stability. However, there is a bigger picture and the two largest buyer nations, Russia and China, have recently had a very friendly tête-à-tête meeting of the Presidents. Newly elected President Xi Jinping of China used the term “international strategic partners” to describe the new Russian-Chinese relationship.

Stay tuned on the gold price, the true buyers of gold would rather see a lower price. The central bankers outside of the United States may have a different vision than the US central bankers who are entrapped by the Keynesian view as they try to dismiss gold as having any value from a self serving logic to keep the reserve currency of the world stable. And besides, once Goldman Sachs covers their short position they will probably falsely seduce as much gold buying as they did on the announcement of their short sale on April 10.

……………..While most of the obvious outlook for the year 2013 carries total uncertainty, there are three things of certainty for this writer:

1. Inflation will go higher

2. Yield of any kind will be the attraction and will be at higher and higher rates

3. The commodity super-cycle is not over

Gold Stocks:

John Templeton always told us, “Do not tell me where the news is best – tell me where it is the worst”. Guess what?  Today it is the worst in the mineral industry, especially in gold. I continue to consider that gold and gold stocks are still in a long term secular bull market that began in late 1999 and early 2000, and today gold and gold stocks are recovering from their recent lows created by the  Goldman Sachs “go-short warning” of April 10 th, 2013. At current prices (April 11th, 2013), gold as a commodity looks historically inexpensive when compared to historical prices.

Gold as an ETF is under siege today and maximum pessimism is being delivered in the midst of a very Long-term secular bull market for gold in bullion format. This is a very unique set of timing, not unlike the early days of the 1970s when gold at $100 an ounce was a pure giveaway. Prices have been created by false and manufactured pessimism.  Within a more secular bull market we can expect unbelievable opportunity for significant gains. The overall market for gold is still in a bull market but the current situation is acting like a bear market. As John Templeton said, “Buy at maximum pessimism”.

There can NEVER be a taper

The US Federal Reserve led by Ben Bernanke is talking out of both sides of his mouth. In late February he said that due to signs of improvement in the economy (that only he saw) he might stop buying debt and printing money. Nonetheless, the $85 billion of debt he buys each month continues like clockwork, even today, in May.

The Future of Asset Management

I have been a professional asset manager for over fifty years. Many years which included portfolios of publicly traded stocks and bonds for wealthy families, banking institutions, pension funds of major companies, mutual funds of diverse holdings as well as the creator and provider of “tax flow through” investment dollars to a hybrid of junior and senior Canadian resource companies.

I have come to realize that a lot has changed since 1962. In fact, a lot more has changed since 2002. According to the CFA Institute whom I quote herein: “In 2002 asset managers were still smarting from the fact that ‘Yahoo’ did not take over the world.” “Institutional investors were firing balanced managers and replacing them with “specialized ones” (whatever that is). ETFs were just coming out as a niche product which really did not look any different than an index fund or most similarly specialized mutual funds. Spreading risk through structured derivatized vehicles like collateral debt obligation was incorrectly thought to lower risk not to increase it. And so, said the CFA Institute, it was generally unrelievedly agreed that Alan Greenspan “was the wisest man in the world”. Of course, says the CFA Institute today, things look different now. It is safe to say that very few people projected those ten years from 2002 to 2012 as they turned out.

So how do they think it is now going to be for asset managers in the next ten years?

• revenues are not going to grow as fast

• margins will be compressed

there is a shift out of high margin to lower margin products

• profitability will be down

• competition will be increased

• the ETF market will continue to grow

• enhanced indexation or engineered beta (whatever that is) will take on market share

• along with a host of other negatives as related to asset management participants

IS IT AN UPSIDE DOWN WORLD?

The world is awash with contradiction with stocks rising to new highs as interest rates reflect a slowing economy. The stock market rally is not believable and is unloved by those of us who are deemed to be pro. In 2009 when I was being bullish and stating that the US Fed and Monetary policy could return the US to growth as well as inflation there was much skepticism. The reverse is now true. Other than me, equity investors seem to have a very high degree of faith that the central bankers can pull all off those variables which they thought were not possible in 2009. My view – the faith in the US Fed is totally misplaced. After four years of extreme monetary policy the Fed (Bernanke) has failed to create real economic growth.

Today, even China has too much debt. They are likewise addicted to debt to achieve growth, but they at least are smart enough to be ridding themselves of US Treasury Bills. Nothing is normal. Not the economy. Not the financial system. Not the financial markets. And not the political system.

…Clearly, it would appear that Dr. Bernanke has no real exit strategy, other than his personal exit. If the

Fed actually raised rates as a result of one of its movable goal posts being hit, the result could be a much

greater financial crisis than the one we lived through in 2008. The bond bubble would burst, interest rates and unemployment would soar, housing prices would collapse, banks would fail, borrowers would default, budget deficits would swell, and there would be no way to finance another round of bailouts for anyone, including the Federal Government itself.  It’s not really safe out there.

In order to generate phony economic growth and to “pay” the US debts in the most dishonest manner possible, it appears that  the Federal Reserve is  leading the world to the destruction of the dollar.

Anyone with wealth in the U.S. dollar should be concerned that the economic leadership is firmly in the hands of bureaucrats who are committed to an ivory tower version of reality that bears no resemblance to the world as it really is.  And the Chinese and the Russians are aware and do have that very concern.

There is no exit strategy for the monetization of debt. Any increase in interest rates would blow away the monetary policy of the United States and will likely undo the reserve currency privilege of the dollar.

The US household debt today is at all-time highs as compared to household income, and most credit cards and home equity lines are maxed out. To increase consumption, earnings must rise and unemployment has to be reduced.  Further, the lack of domestic savings and an aging population with more and more retirees would actually mean less consumption and growth over the near term and at current debt levels, as well as deleveraging on a global basis.  There is likely insufficient even global savings to fund the American’s Squanderville even though the Federal Reserve in the US continues to issue Squanderbonds and creating pieces of paper, causing many foreigners of Thriftville to grow uneasy about the long-term value of the American Squanderbonds that are continuing to be created.

Gold

Let me bring back gold and tell you why I am a totally convinced gold nut. The story of gold has no ending but I was impressed by a fellow Canadian by the name of Robert Mundell who – in December 1999 – won the Nobel Economics prize and said as he accepted the prize, “The main thing we miss today is universal money, a standard of value. The link between the past and the future and the current linking remote parts of the human race to one another”. He went on to remind his audience that gold had filled that role from the time of Augustus until 1914 and that the absence of gold as an intrinsic part of our monetary system today “makes our twentieth century unique in several thousand years”.  It now seems that in 44 BC all roads led to Rome, In 1944 all paths led to the USA and today and 2014 all roads lead to gold.

Goldman Sachs’ Jeffrey Currie created gold’s biggest collapse since 1980 after the recent April 10 Th because he recognized two very essential technical points. Firstly, presumably, without his assistance the price chart of gold had just gone through the technical point called “The Death Cross”. Secondly, he had the power of Goldman Sachs behind his negative thrust,. As such, the price of gold as measured by the ETF traded down as GLD broke down after twelve straight years of a rising price. However, while the public at large was selling their ETF as a follow up to Goldman, the central bankers of the world used the price drop to bulk up their purchases of gold bullion and China for one was a significant buyer of the metal as well.

When it comes to gold, the central bankers have more power than Goldman and we are treating the drop in price as a Goldman Sachs’ profit ploy and expect that it will take some time to overcome the technical damage with the likelihood of more bottom testing to come. We are more impressed by the response of the physical buyers of gold bullion in Asia and the US where there was a rush to buy physical gold at the Goldman-created lower price. There are indications that some Indiangold retailers were actually paying a premium of $8 to $10 per ounce over the derivative ETF price in order to meet immediate customer demand. They have paid premiums before but these numbers are four or five times the previous premiums to satisfy Indian retail demand. And to top it off, the China Gold Association has reported that Chinese retail purchases of bullion tripled across China on the 15 Th and 16 th of April following the Goldman inspired price collapse.

Further, according to CLSA,  it was reported that trading of gold on the Shanghai Gold Exchange, a proxy for gold demand in China surged to a record 43.3 tonnes on April 22 and is averaging 36 tonnes per day of buying as compared to a daily average of less than 10 tonnes per day for the first quarter of 2013 and according to CLSA again, “Hong Kong jewellers have said that they have effectively run out of gold holdings”. And in the US, the mint said that they have suspended sales of its smallest one-tenth ounce gold bullion coins as “surging demand ran down government inventories”.

To quote CLSA once again, “It is interesting to note how the technical breakdown in bullion seems to have been triggered by massive selling of pap er gold, in what increasingly looks like a classic “bear raid”. This is all part of a process where ownership of gold is passing from weak hands to strong hands. That is long term bullish”.

We agree with the CLSA comments and congratulate Goldman Sachs for ach We agree with the CLSA comments and congratulate Goldman Sachs for achieving a profitable “bear raid”; not their first and highly likely, not their last.

My personal gut feeling is that we are heading towards a seismic move for the price of gold – a seismic move upwards – just to make it clear. It will happen because governments and central bankers are more likely to step-up fiscal and monetary actions as the economic growth outlook continues to deteriorate. We are on the threshold of a new gold standard being formed. The world is moving step by step towards a de facto gold standard or a new facto gold standard take over by the International Monetary Fund.

Background on the Gold Market

TMS-21

 

What’s done is done. Inflation is ongoing.   Deflationist Error

Ganging up on gold http://www.acting-man.com/?p=24310

 

 

Cisco (CSCO) Case Study; The Lord of Dark Matter

SLAP

Next the statesmen will invent cheap lies, putting the blame upon the nation that is attacked (Syria), and every man will be glad of those conscience-soothing falsities, and will diligently study them, and refuse to examine any refutation of them; and thus he will by and by convince himself that the war is just, and will thank God for the better sleep he enjoys after this process of grotesque self-deception.” –Mark Twain

“When the rich make war, it is the poor that die.”–Jean-Paul Sartre

Case Study of Cisco:

CSCO Chart

Case Study on Cisco Third Quarterly Earnings  (includes 2012 for comparison purposes).  Instructions and questions in the document.

CSCO_VL   (for reference) CSCO March 2013 Qtr Report

Please explain what you see.

The Lord of Dark Matter

Fleckenstein:  “Probably anyone who listens to your wonderful interviews already understands that money printing can’t solve anything … Most recently the housing bubble led to the collapse in 2008/2009, and now we’ve got QE of biblical proportions being foisted upon us by the Fed, BOJ (Bank of Japan), Swiss National Bank, and probably the BOE (Bank of England) soon, etc.

The irony of it all is that 5 years into zero rates, and America alone (with) $5 or $6 trillion of deficit spending, the economy is still crummy.  No one ever says, ‘Why is that?’  Well, the reason is because money printing doesn’t work.”

….Everybody and his brother is bearish.  I get sent two articles a day about some knucklehead who’s bearish on gold.  Well, you know what?  They are all bearish for the same two reasons:  The chart looks bad, and the price is wrong.  Like they know what the price (should be).  How do any of us know what the price is supposed to be?  It’s just a price.

Click the link below to hear the twelve-minute interview:

http://www.kingworldnews.com/kingworldnews/Broadcast/Entries/2013/6/6_Bill_Fleckenstein.html

HUI CHART

Serial Bubbles: 

http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-06-06/why-serial-asset-bubbles-are-now-new-normal

 

P.S. I have been a bit swamped with work, so I will post next week. Be well and BE CAREFUL!

 

 

Fiat Money Inflation 1790 and Do The Math

Spending

 Can it really be possible to simply print money out of thin air and use it to pay off the world’s debt without there being any consequence?  –Chicago Slim

Let’s Learn What History Can Teach Us………..

BOOKS:

Speculative Bubbles (John Law) bubbles

Fiat Money Inflation in France by Andrew Dickson White inflationinfrance

What Has the Government Done to Our Money by Murray Rothbard: whathasgovernmentdone

How Can We Apply Those Lessons to Our Current Situation?

Here’s Grant Williams presentation to CFA’s via youtube: Do the Math

 James Grant Interview on Central Banks and Gold: http://www.kingworldnews.com/kingworldnews/Broadcast/Entries/2013/5/25_James_Grant.html

 

Jim Rogers: ‘Nobody gets out of this situation until there’s a crisis’

http://www.goldmoney.com/gold-research/newsdesk/jim-rogers-interview.html

The Gold Market Today: Acting Man May 31 2013_Gold Market

HAVE A GREAT WEEKEND

PS: A reader donated several books:

Franchise_Value_-_A_Modern_Approach_to_Security_Analysis (Difficult but excellent)

Other books are in Epub format. I am struggling to download and save them so when I do that, I will upload to this blog. 

 

The Most Hated Asset Class

Gold BGMI Ratio

 A gold mine is a hole in the ground with a liar on top–Mark Twain

The above chart illustrates how historically cheap gold mining equities are to gold. Not since the Great Depression and Pearl Harbor have equities been so cheap on market cap to production, reserves and cash costs. See the XAU (Index of gold and silver miners) below as a percentage of the gold price–currently below the Great Recession lows of 2008:

XAU vs Gold

For about six years, equities have under-performed due to poor management, rising input costs, dilution, and growth for growth’s sake. That’s the bad news. The good news is that many managements have been replaced and now the focus in on return ON capital. Dividend yields on the senior miners are above 20-year bond rates. The market is forcing managements to focus on returns and that bodes well for the future. And some input prices are falling.  However, many weak companies will go bust leaving less competition for the survivors. Therefore, you must diversify into a basket of WELL-FINANCED Companies operating with good properties in safe jurisdictions for mining and, of course, with proven management. Mining is extremely risky. However, the historic cheapness of mining equities give you a margin of error, but choose wisely.

Pessimism is rampant:

Shorts in Gold

Note below that for a risk-free asset, gold which has no counter-party risk, there is a closed end fund holding silver and gold bullion that trades at a 2% to 5% discount (A great way to buy bullion). People want out!

CEF-NAV

Monetary Mayhem is being overlooked (Many believe central banks have solved our debt problems and can eventually “exit” when the economy reaches “escape velocity.”)  Ha! Ha!

Global-Central-Bank-Assets-vs-Gold (1) 

gld purple debt stair case

Stairway to hell gold

The last two charts illustrate growing debt that as the chart below will show below is being monetized–coupled with negative real interest rates–the current environment is conducive to higher gold prices. While Western speculators flee from ETFs, Chinese Grandmas rush to buy gold for their savings.

MonetaryBase AndM2AndMZM

Real Interest Rates are supportive for gold

If the US government practiced fiscal discipline and interest rates were allowed to rise to their natural level, the bull market in gold would probably be finished. When your cab driver suggests that you buy gold for safety that will also be a read flag. Gold and precious metal miners and commodities, in general, are hated, shorted and/or ignored.

Gold and Interest Rates

Meanwhile, investors have been flocking (some by selling their insurance like gold) to buy stocks, but risks are rising in the stock market due to higher valuations. Margin debt is near all-time highs, insiders have been selling, and a Barron’s poll recently had 75% of all money managers bullish. Of course, the majority expect gold prices to decline. Note the chart below indicates the stock market relative to its Q Ratio or replacement cost of asset, a proxy for value.  

Q Ratio of stocks

And sentiment is upbeat:

ON-BA688_cover0_BA_20130420002733

Going contrary to massive market sentiment is painful, but going where the bargains are greatest will lead to better returns and safety in the long run (2 to 5 years). Depressed prices alleviate a lot of your investment risk while elevated prices (MMM, CLX, and junk bonds) raise your risks.

But risks overall have never been so high due to central bank intervention into the credit markets. Be careful and have a great weekend. I will be back next week.

 

Play It Again Sam (How the Fed Manipulates Credit)

The above video gives you a short analysis of the causes of the financial crisis from a businessman’s perspective.

Books on the Federal Reserve and Banking

The books below will make you an expert on how the FED and the banking system work to create fiat, irredeemable money and credit out of “thin air” or by key-stroke.

After reading those books, can YOU tell me how the central bankers EXIT strategy will work?  Watch Japan for a preview.

Here is Jim Grant

Inflation is a state of affairs in which there is too much money. It’s not too much money chasing too few goods. It’s too much money, the thing that this money chases is variable. And in this particular cycle and for some time, it has chased commercial real estate, bonds, stocks, financial assets of all kinds. Iowa farm land. There is a huge excess of liquidity in the world. Central banks furnish this, they stuff us with it. In the interest of levitating markets that will, they think

On the Equity rally:

Yes there are terrific companies generating terrific cash flows. That is certainly true. But beneath the surface of things or not so far beneath the surface of things, as far as central banks, practicing not original policies but original sin. This is these policies are not so original. They go back to the time of Revolutionary France. You know the idea of creating currency with which to create human happiness is as old as the hills.

On Gold:

Gold has been in a bull market for 12 years. Gold is this rare thing in which you can be bullish and yet contrary and also with the trend. There is I think a general fatigue animus towards gold. The gold prices are reciprocal of the world’s view of the competence of central banks. The greater the world’s confidence in the Ben Bernanke’s of the world, the weaker the gold market. The less the world holds confidence in the institution of managed currencies, the stronger the gold market. And to me the confidence is utterly misplaced,

See videos:

http://www.grantspub.com/resources/video.cfm

The Horror!http://www.federalreserve.gov/monetarypolicy/fomcminutes20121212.htm

Next post on Wed………..Have a Great Weekend!

Fiat Currencies vs. Gold; Paul Singer on Current Conditions; Readings

Fiat Currencies

Curiously, many people argue this would be a good time to abandon gold. We don’t think so – we rather think that faith in central banks will eventually crumble, and then it will be well and truly ‘game over’ for these perpetual bubble machines. As a friend of ours frequently remarks: at that point the question of how to price gold will be akin to asking what the last functioning parachute on an airplane that is going down should be worth. http://www.acting-man.com/?p=23082

Hedge fund “friend” upon hearing that I own gold, “If you were a lot smarter, we could call you stupid.”

Why Gold?

No, I am not actually doing what I posted here:http://wp.me/p2OaYY-1Vv. I own gold bullion and several precious metals miners, so yesterday when the stock market is up 1/2% while my portfolio drops 1%+, I take comfort when I review why I own gold:

“In a speech in Rome, ECB President Mario Draghi said the bank would monitor incoming data closely and be ready to cut rates further, including the deposit rate currently at zero.

For southern European countries, a euro above $1.30 would be too high for their economy. Among major central banks, the ECB has been the only bank that is not expanding its balance sheet. But It will likely consider such a step,” said Minori Uchida, chief FX analyst at the Bank of Tokyo-Mitsubishi UFJ.”

Meanwhile, sentiment in gold and precious metals miners is at historic (20 year) lows: http://thetsitrader.blogspot.com/2013/05/gold-and-silver-sentiment-reversal-is.html and Short Side of Long

While……..China and other Asian countries buy on dips.China Gold Imports

China_official_20gold holdings

I don’t buy the gold bugs premise that central banks will back their currencies with gold unless forced to by the market/the public. However, central bankers buying may indicate the lack of trust in their colleagues’ fiat currencies.  Also, gold “flowing” East represents a wealth transfer from West to East.

Print, print: http://www.zerohedge.com/news/2013-05-08/germany-under-pressure-create-money

In The Wilderness by Paul Singer

[T]he financial system (including the institutions themselves, products traded, and risks taken) has “gotten away from” the Fed’s ability to comprehend. The Fed is primarily responsible for that state of affairs, and it is out of its depth. Former Chairman Greenspan created — and reveled in — a cult of personality centered on himself, and in the process created a tremendous and growing moral hazard. By successive bailouts and purporting to understand (to a higher and higher level of expressed confidence) a quickly changing financial system of growing complexity and leverage, he cultivated an ever-increasing (but unjustified) faith in the Fed’s apparent ability to fine-tune the American (and, by extension, the world’s) economy. Ironically, this development was occurring at the very time that financial innovations and leverage were making the system more brittle and less safe. He extolled the virtues of derivatives and minimized the danger of leverage and risky securities and dot-com stocks, all while he should have been putting on the brakes. It was not just the disappearance of vast swaths of the American financial system into unregulated subsidiaries of financial institutions, nor was it just government policies that encouraged the creation and syndication of “no-documentation” mortgages to people who could not afford them. It was also the low interest rates from 2002 to 2005, the failure to see the expanding real estate bubble caused by an unprecedented increase in leverage and risk, and the general failure to understand the financial conditions of the world’s major institutions.

Under Chairman Bernanke, the combination of ZIRP and QE completed the passage of the Fed from sober protector of a fiat currency to ineffective collection of frantically-flailing, over-educated, posturing bureaucrats engaged in ever more-astounding experiments in monetary extremism.

If you look at the history of Fed policy from Greenspan to Bernanke,you see two broad and destructive paths quite clearly. One path is the cult of central banking, in which the central bank gradually acquired the mantle of all-knowing guru and maestro, capable of fine-tuning the global economy and financial system, despite their infinite complexity. On this path traveled arrogance, carelessness and a rigid and narrow orthodoxy substituting for an open-minded quest to understand exactly what the modern financial system actually is and how it really works. The second path is one of lower and lower discipline, less and less conservative stewardship of the precious confidence that is all that stands between fiat currency and monetary ruin.

Monetary debasement in its chronic form erodes people’s savings. In its acute and later stages, it can destroy the social cohesion of a society as wealth is stolen and/or created not by ideas, effort and leadership, but rather by the wild swings of asset prices engendered by the loss of any anchor to enduring value. In that phase, wealth and credit assets (debt) are confiscated or devalued by various means, including inflation and taxation, or by changes to laws relating to the rights of asset holders. Speculators win, savers are destroyed, and the ties that bind either fray or rip. We see no signs that our leaders possess the understanding, courage or discipline to avoid this.

It is true that the CEOs of the world’s major financial institutions lost their bearings and were mostly oblivious to their own risks in the years leading up to the crash. However, as the 2007 minutes make clear, the Fed was clueless about how vulnerable, interconnected and subject to contagion the system was. It is not the case that the Fed completely ignored risk; indeed, several Fed folks made “fig leaf” statements about the risks of the mortgage securitization markets, as well as other indications that they appreciated the possibility of multiple outcomes. But nobody at the Fed understood the big picture or had the courage to shift into emergency mode and make hard decisions. In the run-up to the crisis the Fed was a group of highly educated folks who lacked an understanding of modern finance. After convincing the nation for decades of their exquisite grasp of complexities and their wise stewardship of the financial system, they didn’t understand what was actually going on when it really counted.

Ultimately, of course, as the system was collapsing and on the verge of freezing up completely, the Fed shifted into the (more comfortable and much less difficult) role of emergency provider of liquidity and guarantees.

All this background presents an interesting framework in which to think about what the Fed is doing now. QE is a very high-risk policy, seemingly devoid of immediate negative consequences but ripe with real chances of causing severe inflation, sharp drops in stock and bond prices, the collapse of financial institutions and/or abrupt changes in currency rates and economic conditions at some point in the unpredictable future. However, the lack of large increases in consumer price inflation so far, plus the demonstrable “benefits” of rising stock and bond markets, have reinforced the merits of money-printing, which is now in full swing across the world. In the absence of meaningful reforms to tax, labor, regulatory, trade, educational and other policies that could generate sustainable growth, “money-printing growth” is unsound.We believe that the global central bankers, led by the Fed as “thought leader,” have no idea how much pain the world’s economy may endure when they begin the still-undetermined and never-before attempted process of ending this gigantic experimental policy. If they follow the paths of the worst central banks in history, they will adopt the “tiger by the tail” approach (keep printing even as inflation accelerates) and ultimately destroy the value of money and savings while uprooting the basic stability of their societies. Read the 2007 Fed minutes and you will understand how disquieting is the possibility of such outcomes and how prosaic and limited are the people in whom we have all put our trust regarding the management of the financial system and the plumbing of the world’s economy.

Printing money by the trillions of dollars has had the predictable effect of raising the prices of stocks and bonds and thus reducing the cost of servicing government debt. It also has produced second-order effects, such as inflating the prices of commodities, art and other high-end assets purchased by financiers and investors. But it is like an addictive drug, and we have a hard time imagining the slowing or stopping of QE without large adverse impacts on the prices of stocks and bonds and the performance of the economy. If the economy does not shift into sustainable high-growth mode as a result of QE, then the exit from QE is somewhere on the continuum between problematic and impossible.

Central banks facing high inflation and/or sluggish growth after sustained money-printing frequently are paralyzed by the enormity of their mistake, or they are deranged by the thought that the difficult and complicated conditions in a more advanced stage of a period of monetary debasement are due to just not printing enough. At some stage, central banks inevitably realize, regardless of whether they admit the catastrophic nature of their own failings, that the cessation of money-printing will cause an instant depression. Even though at that point the cessation of money-printing may be the only action capable of saving society, that becomes a secondary consideration compared to the desire to avoid immediate pain and blame. The world’s central banks are in very deep with QE at present, and the risks continue to build with every new purchase of stocks and bonds with newly-printed money.

* * *

[And, as an added bonus, here are Singer’s views on gold:]

There are many current theories as to why the price of gold had been drifting down and then collapsed in mid-April. We are trying to sort out various possible explanations, but we urge investors to be cautious in their thinking about what circumstances would likely cause gold to rise or fall sharply. The correlations with other assets in various scenarios (risk on or off, economic normalization, inflation, the rise and fall of interest rates, euro collapse) may shift abruptly as the macro picture evolves. Many people think that if stock markets continue rising, and/or if the U.S. and Europe restore normal levels of growth and employment, then the rationale for owning gold is weakened or destroyed. This perception may be correct, and it is certainly a topic that is currently much discussed, but ultimately another set of considerations is likely to dominate.

The world is on a seemingly one-way trip to monetary debasement as the catchall economic policy, and there is only one store of value and medium of exchange that has stood the test of time as “real money”: gold. We expect this dynamic to assert itself in a large way at some point. In the meantime, it is quite frustrating to watch the price of gold fall as the conditions that should cause it to appreciate seem more and more prevalent. Gold may not exactly be a “safe haven” in the sense of an asset whose value is precisely known and stable. But it surely is an asset that, in a particular set of circumstances, becomes a unique and irreplaceable “must-have.” In those circumstances (loss of confidence in governments and paper money), there are no substitutes, and the price of gold may reflect that characteristic at some point.

Disprove Your Opinions on Gold

Gold BubblePure nonsense, April 24, 2012

By Bobnoxy

This review is from: Gold Bubble: Profiting From Gold’s Impending Collapse (Hardcover)

This book will no doubt go into the proverbial dustbin of history along with Dow 36,000. Ask yourself some honest questions and then compare your answers to this book’s entire premise.

Is gold in a bubble? Well, what do bubbles look like? Luckily, we have two recent examples, the housing bubble, and the tech stock bubble in the late 90’s. What did those look like?

To me, they looked like everyone was getting rich in techs stocks and flipping houses. Regular people were quitting their jobs and day trading or flipping houses full time. The average guy, the little guy, sometimes referred to as the ”dumb money” was making an easy fortune.

Now, how many of your friends own any gold and talk about it with you? How much do you own? The writer points to all the publicity around gold, like those ads telling people to sell their gold. And ever since gold hit $1,000, people were doing just that, selling their gold.

In a bubble, those people would be loading up, but they’re selling! The world’s central banks, the smartest people in the world when it comes to money, are the big buyers. This would be the first bubble in history that the dumb money was selling into and the smartest money on the planet was buying. Do you really think that the people with the least knowledge about money are getting this right?

It would also be the first bubble to happen with almost no participation from the general public. This could be the weakest analytical book written this year. Just because the price of something is up does not mean it’s in a bubble.

If you look at the average selling price of gold in the year it peaked for the last bull cycle, 1980, or $660 an ounce, and look at today’s price, the average annual gain for that 32 years is about 3%. If stocks had risen by 3% annually for that long, would anyone be calling it a bubble?

Then look at our trillion dollar deficits and the growth in the Fed’s balance sheet, total government debt of $18.5 trillion when you include state and local debt that as taxpayers, we’re all on the hook for, and there’s your bubble, and the best reason to defend yourself by owning gold.

Readings:

Thanks to a reader’s contribution: Here is a good article attached on bureaucracy and leading to misguided incentives. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/12/magazine/the-food-truck-business-stinks.html?ref=magazine&pagewanted=print

Another reader:

I came across your website via your interview with Classic Value Investors. I like the way you try to help people learn the craft. Value investing is in principle not that difficult, as long as you have a good teacher. So well done!

On my own value investing blog (http://www.valuespreadsheet.com/value-investing-blog). I try to share my knowledge on the subject as well, but not per sé with case studies like you do. However, your approach is very informative for readers, so maybe I should try that some more.

I’ve also written a free eBook which explains three valuation models in simple words. Feel free to add it to your value investing resources if you like it:

http://www.scribd.com/doc/137908826/How-to-Value-Stocks-By-Value-Spreadsheet

Kind regards, Nick Kraakman, www.valuespreadsheet.com

—-

Thanks for the above contributions.

 

A Discussion on Money and Gold with a Reader

 

Goldbug man

“Find the trend whose premise is false,” says George Soros, “and bet against it.”

Gold bugs seem schizoprenic. Gold prices are manipulated downward; buy more gold!  I think the recent fall in gold has to do with increasing recessionary conditions and "disinflation". But when people realize that real money (financial reserves) can not be replaced by credit and debt then the price decline will reverse.

Imagine you are a major holder of new Lexus cars. Imagine you are in financial trouble. The market for Lexus cars anticipates the upcoming supply. Prices of drop. OK… but are Lexus the same as gold?

Imagine that, instead of Lexus cars, you held cash — a big wad of cash in your vault. Then, in financial trouble, you need get out your cash and use it to pay your creditors. Does the market for cash go down? Does the value of your cash decline because people know you will have to give it to someone else?

The premise is false. Real cash does not become less valuable when people find themselves in financial difficulty; it becomes more valuable. The demand for cash goes up, not down.

But wait. Today’s bills are payable in paper cash…not gold. Debtors must raise paper cash by selling their gold for paper. It’s paper they need… not real money.

Our current system runs on irredeemable, fiat, paper money. People spend it. People borrow it. Now people need more of it to pay their bills. So they sell their valuables — namely, gold — to get more paper money. The Gold price in dollars goes down, while central banks print up more paper money — just to make sure there’s plenty to go around.

One day people will stop worrying about the quantity of the paper and begin worrying about the quality of it.  I am saying gold is commodity money–real money with no liabilities (promise of acceptance).  But I haven’t proven anything, I am putting down thoughts. Next week I will need to prove why I believe that idea has merit. Our goal is to improve our understanding of reality.

I will need to define my terms and prove my premises to debate the reader who provided his thoughts on gold.

First, What is inflation? 

The reader in his comments below says inflation is rising consumer prices.

I define inflation as  any increase in the economy’s supply of money not consisting of an increase in the stock of the money (gold) metal.

Money is a commodity serving as a medium for exchanges, and–because there has been a recent prior history of exchanges–money can serve as a store of value for future exchanges.

Here is another description: Inflation is tn extension of the nominal quantity of any medium of exchange beyond the quantity that would have been produced on the free market. This definition corresponds to the way inflation had been understood until WWII. The 1941 Funk and Wagnalls Dictionary defined inflation as an “expansion of extension beyond natural or proper limits or so as to exceed normal or just value, specifically over issue of currency.”

A free market  is social cooperation conditioned by the respect of private property rights,” Therefore the meaning of inflation is that it extends the nominal money supply through a violation of property rights.  In this sense, inflation can also be called a forcible way of increasing the money supply (by fractional reserve banking, by monetization of government debt, by counterfeiting, by forgery, etc.) as distinct from the “natural” production of money through mining and minting.

The difference is vast and important. Friedrich A. Hayek stated that his chief objection against monetarist theory is that it pays attention only to the effects of changes in the quantity of money on the general price level and not to the effects on the structure of relative prices. In consequence, it tends to disregard what seems to me the most harmful effects of inflation: the misdirection of resources it causes and the unemployment which ultimately results from it.

 

So next week I will lay out my premises and show why the distinction is important. A debate without definition and/or agreement of terms is like having a contest to nail jello to a wall.

Pop Quiz: If the FED wanted to increase the velocity of money what could it do? Hint, the effect would be immediate. Why do you think the FED is not doing that? Where are the errors in this report: HIM2013Q1NP

A Reader Discusses Gold

I was a bull on gold for years, but switched bearish during the mania of summer 2011 and have been bearish ever since.  I don't think anybody can argue that central banks are flooding the world with money.  Everyone knows this is occurring and laments about it, and professional investors keep pushing gold.  You'd be hard pressed to find a big name manager who doesn't like gold.

The problem is that gold doesn't actually protect you from anything - unless everyone else thinks
it does.When Greece imploded back in 2010, almost all assets went down except gold and the
US dollar.

People thought that gold was a safe haven, and therefore it was a safe haven.  Now, the situation is 
almost the exact opposite.Gold bulls have gotten everything they wanted in terms of bullish gold
fundamentals, yet the price keeps going down.

The problem is that gold is purely a psychological asset, and it's only worth what
the next guy is willing to pay for it.  With most senior miners cash cost well south of
$1000/oz, gold is clearly more expensive than pure marginal cost analysis would suggest. 
That premium is the amount that people are willing to pay for "protection" against inflation,
the collapse of fiat currencies, or whatever other event they think they are being shielded from. 
But that premium is now falling because investors realize that other assets protect them
from these events much better.
If concerned about inflation, I would much rather own multifamily real estate than gold.  
Rents reset every year, so they should be well-indexed to inflation, and real estate is traditionally
favored in inflationary times.  Moreover, real estate produces substantial current yield, something
that gold does not.
If worried about sociopolitical unrest, the US dollar or US treasuries are a much better alternative
than gold.  The US dollar is being debased at a much lower rate than other competing currencies
(i.e. GBP or JPY, and likely soon EUR), and remains the world reserve currency, making it an
attractive safe haven.  US treasuries also produce yield, and I believe are unlikely to fall much in
value over the next few years because inflation will need an increase in the velocity of money, 
which will take much more time.
I also agree with you that the stock market is fundamentally overvalued (although I have thought
this for over a year now and been wrong), but I would even buy equities rather than gold if I was
worried about inflation.  In an inflationary stance, companies should have pricing power and
grow their earnings near the rate of inflation, so equities should be able to keep pace with inflation
over a longer run.
 I believe gold owners are figuring out this argument, especially as it pertains to the nascent bull
market in real estate, and that is why they are selling. I also think the "gold is just another currency" 
argument is terribly flawed, as I have yet to go to a country where I can walk into Subway and buy
a foot-long with gold or silver.  Moreover, if gold were a currency, it would be viewed with a great
deal of skepticism considering it has fallen over 10% in one day before, something that has never
happened with a major currency.
I think as gold ETF holders continue to turn elsewhere to hedge their fears, the price of gold will
continue to fall, regardless of what happens in the risk market.  If stocks continue to rise, people
will sell gold and buy stocks.  If stocks fall, people will sell gold and buy real estate or treasuries. 
I strongly believe the bull market in gold is over, and over the course of the next couple years, we
will see substantially lower prices, eventually falling well below $1000/oz.
My definition of inflation is rising prices, with a bias towards consumer
prices vs. asset prices.  In the past few years, US consumer prices have been flat or falling in my
estimation, while asset prices have been going through the roof.I believe a large part of the gold bull
market was an expectation of CPI inflation, that has simply failed to materialize.
I agree that gold prices have never tracked the CPI.  Gold prices have risen and fallen for many
different reasons over the past few decades, but that is largely my point: gold's price is purely a
psychological function.  That would also be my answer to your question about gold's utility,
its utility is simply what the next buyer is willing to pay, or said another way, its utility is the
reason the next buyer is buying it.  That price had risen for a decade straight because of fears over
monetary debasement, inflation, and general pessimism on the effectiveness of central banking,
but it appears there are no more marginal buyers left.
 The advent of gold ETFs brought a huge number of new players in the market, and they were
largely responsible for the run-up in prices from 2008 to 2011.  However, many of these players 
were simply allocating to gold because their advisors were telling them to, without truly 
understanding why they were doing it.  They were doing what investors do in any mature bull
market, they buy because the price is rising. Now, these same investors are selling because the 
price is falling. Teoretically, they could turn around and start buying again, but the problem is,
what would actually cause this?  What positive surprise is there left for gold that has not already 
been disclosed?
When gold prices ran up to $1900/oz in September 2011, it was not quantitative easing that caused
it, but rather the expectation of QE3.  At this point, the Fed has already indicated they will print
an unlimited amount of money, only varying the size of their asset purchases, with no time limit set.
It is already on the table that the Fed will print unlimited, so what positive surprise is left?  Every
other central bank has stepped up their liquidity too over the past 1.5 years, yet the price of gold 
continues to drop. My point is that, in the past, gold has served as protection against future currency
debasement, but it has now ceased to serve that function.  This is a problem because gold only protects
us from anything if the rest of the market thinks it does.  This key change in sentiment and market 
thought on gold is why I believe the price is falling.
As I said before, with marginal cost on gold way below where it is now, there is plenty of room
for the metal to fall.  In the long run, commodities must return to their marginal cost, even after
moving up or down according to demand shocks.As for central banks, I do not believe them to be a
reliable indicator of anything.  If they knew what they were doing, the GFC would never have
happened in the first place.  Also, central banks were massive net sellers of gold at the bottom i
in 2000, yet are big buyers of gold now that prices are near their all-time high.  If anything, 
they are a contrarian indicator. 

Lastly, countries like Germany will probably continue to repatriate their gold because they
are broke.  European countries are some of the largest holders of gold inthe world, and\
considering how high the price of gold is, I would want mine back too if I were them.
With their failing economies and possibly soon to be failing currency, gold is their asset of highest
worth.  If Germany, Italy, and the EU were to sell their gold or have less of it, the credit of these 
countries would almost certainly drop, in the same way that if they had less currency reserves. 
However, with the Cypriot central bank selling gold to finance their bailout recently, the writing
is on the wall that gold reserves may be tapped.  This would turn the EU into net sellers of gold, 
potentially dumping huge amounts onto the market if their debt crisis ever flares up again. END

Chart Views on Monetary Mayhem

Gold Standard Era

Remember that correlation is not causation. Our eyes make our minds extrapolate.  I use charts to see if the current market facts jibe with my theoretical understanding.  This current boom in stocks will need increasing amounts of credit and money to sustain its rise–but the day of reckoning is never eliminated–just prolonged as the mal-investment increases.

irrational-markets

gold-stocks

http://smartmoneytracker.blogspot.com/

 

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